
The election of a senator to the office of president pro tempore is considered one of the highest honors offered to a senator by the Senate as a body. This book provides a history of the office followed by portraits and brief biographies of the Senators who served as president pro tempore between 1789 and 2021.
Foreword vii
Preface ix
The Formative Years, 1789–1860 1
1. John Langdon (NH), 1789, 1792, 1793
2. Richard Henry Lee (VA), 1792
3. Ralph Izard (SC), 1794
4.Henry Tazewell (VA), 1795
5. Samuel Livermore (NH), 1796, 1799
6. William Bingham (PA), 1797
7. William Bradford (RI), 1797
8. Jacob Read (SC), 1797
9. Theodore Sedgwick (MA), 1798
10. John Laurance (NY), 1798
11. James Ross (PA), 1799
12. Uriah Tracy (CT), 1800
13. John Eager Howard (MD), 1800
14. James Hillhouse (CT), 1801
15. Abraham Baldwin (GA), 1801, 1802
16. Stephen Row Bradley (VT), 1802–1803, 1808–1809
17. John Brown (KY), 1803, 1804
18. Jesse Franklin (NC), 1804
19. Joseph Inslee Anderson (TN), 1805
20. Samuel Smith (MD), 1805–1807, 1808, 1828, 1829–1831
21. John Milledge (GA), 1809
22. Andrew Gregg (PA), 1809
23. John Gaillard (SC), 1810, 1814, 1815–1819, 1820–1825
PRESIDENTS PRO TEMPORE OF THE UNITED STATES SENATE SINCE 1789 iii
24. John Pope (KY), 1811
25. William Harris Crawford (GA), 1812–1813
26. Joseph Bradley Varnum (MA), 1813–1814
27. James Barbour (VA), 1819
28. Nathaniel Macon (NC), 1826–1827
29. Littleton Waller Tazewell (VA), 1832
30. Hugh Lawson White (TN), 1832–1833
31. George Poindexter (MS), 1834
32. John Tyler (VA), 1835
33. William Rufus de Vane King (AL), 1836–1837, 1839–1841, 1850–1852
34. Samuel Lewis Southard (NJ), 1841–1842
35. Willie Person Mangum (NC), 1842–1845
36. Ambrose Hundley Sevier (AR), 1845
37. David Rice Atchison (MO), 1846–1849, 1852–1854
38. Lewis Cass (MI), 1854
39. Jesse David Bright (IN), 1854–1856, 1856–1857, 1860
40. Charles Edward Stuart (MI), 1856
41. James Murray Mason (VA), 1857
42. Thomas Jefferson Rusk (TX), 1857
43. Benjamin Fitzpatrick (AL), 1857–1860
A Question of Succession, 1861–188 49
44. Solomon Foot (VT), 1861–1864
45. Daniel Clark (NH), 1864–1865
46. Lafayette Sabine Foster (CT), 1865–1867
47. Benjamin Franklin Wade (OH), 1867–1869
48. Henry Bowen Anthony (RI), 1869–1873, 1875
49. Matthew Hale Carpenter (WI), 1873–1875
50. Thomas White Ferry (MI), 1875–1879
51. Allen Granberry Thurman (OH), 1879–1880
52. Thomas Francis Bayard, Sr. (DE), 1881
53. David Davis (IL), 1881–1883
54. George Franklin Edmunds (VT), 1883–1885
55. John Sherman (OH), 1885–1887
56. John James Ingalls (KS), 1887–1891
Fathers of the Senate, 1890–1946 67
57. Charles Frederick Manderson (NE), 1891–1893
58. Isham Green Harris (TN), 1893–1895
59. Matt Whitaker Ransom (NC), 1895
60. William Pierce Frye (ME), 1896–1911
v THE UNITED STATES SENATE
61. Augustus Octavius Bacon (GA), 1911, 1912, 1913
62. Charles Curtis (KS), 1911
63. Jacob Harold Gallinger (NH), 1912, 1913
64. Frank Bosworth Brandegee (CT), 1912
65. Henry Cabot Lodge (MA), 1912
66. James Paul Clarke (AR), 1913–1916
67. Willard Saulsbury, Jr. (DE), 1916–1919
68. Albert Baird Cummins (IA), 1919–1925
69. George Higgins Moses (NH), 1925–1933
70. Key Pittman (NV), 1933–1940
71. William Henry King (UT), 1940–1941
72. Byron Patton (Pat) Harrison (MS), 1941
73. Carter Glass (VA), 1941–1945
74. Kenneth Douglas McKellar (TN), 1945–1947, 1949–1953
The Modern Era, 1947–present 89
75. Arthur Hendrick Vandenberg (MI), 1947–1949
76. Henry Styles Bridges (NH), 1953–1955
77. Walter Franklin George (GA), 1955–1957
78. Carl Trumbull Hayden (AZ), 1957–1969
79. Richard Brevard Russell, Jr. (GA), 1969–1971
80. Allen Joseph Ellender (LA), 1971–1972
81. James Oliver Eastland (MS), 1972–1978
82. Warren Grant Magnuson (WA), 1979–1981
83. Milton Ruben Young (ND), 1980
84. James Strom Thurmond (SC), 1981–1987, 1995–2001
85. John Cornelius Stennis (MS), 1987–1989
86. Robert Carlyle Byrd (WV), 1989–1995, 2001–2003, 2007–2010
87. Theodore Fulton (Ted) Stevens (AK), 2003–2007
88. Daniel Ken Inouye (HI), 2010–2012
89. Patrick Joseph Leahy (VT), 2012–2015
90. Orrin Grant Hatch (UT), 2015–2019
91. Charles Ernest Grassley (IA), 2019–present
Credits for Illustrations 111
Name Index 113
This publication may be of interest to senators, historians, political science students, and government students.
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