History of the Office of the Secretary of Defense: The McNamara Ascendancy, 1961-1965 (eBook)

History of the Office of the Secretary of Defense: The McNamara Ascendancy, 1961-1965 (eBook)
Title:
History of the Office of the Secretary of Defense: The McNamara Ascendancy, 1961-1965 (eBook)
Format:
EPUB
USA Price: 
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Available from other retailers
GPO Stock Number:
999-000-55551-6

ISBN

9780160873430
Description

A narrative history and assessment of the early years of Robert McNamara’s tenure as Secretary of Defense, including McNamara’s relationship with Presidents Kennedy and Johnson, the transformation of the Department of Defense as a part of Kennedy’s New Frontier, and the Pentagon’s handling of the Cuban Missile Crisis, Bay of Pigs episode, and onset of the Vietnam War along with other major national security events and developments during a turbulent and momentous period of the Cold War.

 

Table of Contents

Table of Contents:
       I. McNamara and the New Frontier...... 1
             The McNamara Appointment.. 3
         McNamara’s Team 6
             On a Fast Track... 10

      II. Shakeup in the Pentagon... 16
             The Symington Report   17
             The Vance Task Force 19
             Defense Intelligence Agency   22
             Defense Supply Agency      24
             Civil Defense 29
         Counterinsurgency   35
             The Space Mission 43
         LeMay’s Reappointment, Anderson’s Departure..... 47
             A Balance Sheet 49

    III. Expanding the FY 1962 Budget 52
         Eisenhower’s FY 1962 Budget. 53
         Congress Defers Action    55
             A Quick Look by DoD and BoB 57
             28 March Amendment... 62
             26 May Amendment... 64
             The Berlin Crisis and the 26 July Amendment .. 67

     IV.    The FY 1963 Budget: Introducing the PPBS..... 72
         Antecedents... 72
         Organizational Framework: Getting Started      75
             BoB’s New Approach to the Spring Preview 78
             The Requirements/Planning Phase 79
             The Programming Phase 80
             The First Draft Presidential Memorandums (DPMs) 83.

            The Budgeting Phase      85
             White House Decisions      87
             A Lasting Impact      91

      V. Congress and the FY 1963 Budget 96
         McNamara at Center Stage. 97
         Rebellion over the RS-70.... 100
         Vinson’s Walk in the Rose Garden 104
             Furor over Army National Guard and Reserve Reorganization    107
             The Senate Weighs In 110
         Finessing the Controversies    112

     VI.    The FY 1964 Budget    118
             White House Expectations 119
         Shrinking the Service Estimates.... 122
             Final Decisions.... 125
             The Ups and Downs of the Authorization Bill 131
             Calls for Substantial Cuts 135
             The House Shaves the Appropriation Bill 136
         Averting Deeper Cuts in the Senate    137

   VII.    Berlin: The Wall.. 143
             Berlin in the Eisenhower Administration    143
         Indecision, Spring 1961 144
             The Acheson Initiatives... 147
             The Vienna Summit    150
             Toward the Berlin Wall    151
             The Wall 156
         “Poodle Blanket”..... 162
         Confrontation at Checkpoint Charlie 165
         Aftermath: Clay vs. Washington    166
             Toward a Soviet-GDR Treaty    169

VIII.    The Bay of Pigs Fiasco   172
             The Eisenhower Legacy   172
             Road to “Trinidad”. 174
             The JCS Role..... 175
             The Civilian Leadership Role    180  

Invasion 183

The Taylor Report    186
         Recriminations    188
         Repercussions    192

    IX.    The Cuban Missile Crisis 195
         Supporting Cuban Exiles 196
         Operation Mongoose... 198
         Contingency Plans 199
         Prologue: September-16 October 203...

          Act I: 16-21 October    206
             Act II: 22-28 October    209
         Epilogue: 29 October-20 November... 214
             Impact on Berlin.... 218
         Withdrawal of Jupiter Missiles from Turkey 220
             Cuba after the Missile Crisis 223

      X.    Laos    228
         Responding to the Eisenhower Warning 231
         Divisions within DoD 239
         Geneva: May-June 1961... 243
             The Phoumi Burden, 1961-1962.. 247
             Geneva Again: June-July 1962.... 254

    XI. Vietnam: Reluctant Engagement, 1961-1963.. 260
         Kennedy and Counterinsurgency, January-April 1961.. 262
             The Gilpatric and Staley Reports    266
             The Taylor-Rostow Mission 270
         McNamara’s Initiatives, December 1961-July 1962.... 274
             The Strategic Hamlet Program .... 277
         Comprehensive Plan for South Vietnam, July 1962-May 1963    281
             The Buddhist Rebellion and the Fall of Diem    283

   XII. Flexible Response.... 293
             Basic National Security Policy (BNSP) 296

            The “Missile Gap”    298
             The Acheson Report    303
             The Athens and Ann Arbor Addresses    305
         Counterforce and Flexible Response..... 309
             SIOP and Command and Control. 316
             Assured Destruction. 319

XIII.    The Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty 323
         Initiatives under Eisenhower. 324       
         Establishment of ACDA    325.....
         Proposing a Test Ban Treaty.. 327       
             End to the Moratorium    331  
             Search for Compromise, March-November 1962    335  
             Seizing a Window of Opportunity. 340       
         Harriman’s Mission to Moscow 345
             Debate over the Treaty    351

XIV.    NATO Relations: Transatlantic Differences 357
             NATO Strategy in 1961    358  
             NATO Force Requirements for the 1960s 362       
             France and the Force de Frappe   370.....
         Germany: Nuclear Aspirations? 373       
             Skybolt    375  

   XV.    MLF: A Notion Too Far 385
             Birth of a Concept... 386       
             JFK and the Ottawa Signals   388
             Defense Reservations, 1961-1962.. 390

            Athens and After    396
             Impact of Nassau ... 402
             The Merchant Team    405
             Slowing the Pace 410
         Johnson and the MLF 412
             Demise    415

XVI.    The Embattled Military Assistance Program.... 421
         Adjusting the FY 1962 Budget 421
             Latin America 426
             The Kitchen Steering Group    427

             The FY 1963 Program    429

            Troubles at AID    431
             The Clay Committee    432
             The Shift to Military Sales 433
             The FY 1964 Program    435
             The FY 1965 Program    439 

              ..........          Preparing the FY 1966 Request 443

XVII.    The Search for Savings 447
         Balance of Payments.... 447
             The Cost Reduction Program      453
             Base Closures 462
             The TFX and Cost Effectiveness 466

XVIII. Tightening the Budget: FYs 1965 and 1966    475
             The Kennedy Administration and the FY 1965 Budget   476
         Kennedy’s Assassination: Johnson Takes the Reins..... 479
             The FY 1965 Authorization Bill 484
             The FY 1965 Appropriation Bill 487
         Preparation of the FY 1966 Budget   489

XIX. Vietnam: Into the Vortex498
         McNamara in Saigon–December 1963    499
             The Khanh Coup 502
             Toward Escalation: Spring 1964 504
             The Other Players: Laos and Cambodia... 515
             The Tonkin Gulf Resolution... 517
             Crisis in Saigon.... 524
             Back to the Drawing Board    527
         “McNamara’s War” 531

   XX. Conclusion              535

             List of Abbreviations    550
             Notes    555
             Note on Sources and Selected Bibliography    630
             Index    650


Charts

      1. Department of Defense, 9 March 1961.. 21
      2. Department of Defense, 1 August 1964. 50

Tables

      1. Eisenhower Proposed FY 1962 Budget (NOA)           54
      2. Eisenhower FY 1962 Budget.. 55
      3. FY 1962 Appropriations (NOA) Enacted      69
      4. Military Services’ Program Estimates for FY 1963 and
              Secretary of Defense 22 September 1961 Guidance...... 83
      5. January 1962 Budget Estimates for FY 1963 Program 92
      6. TOA and NOA by Program, FY 1962-FY 1964    130
      7. Selected Country Programs (MAP), FY 1964    438
      8. Military Assistance Program Comparison of NOA Request
              with Actual Funding, FY 1961-FY 1965 446
      9. Financial Summary by Program, FY 1961-FY 1966    495
     10. Comparison of Active Forces, 1961 and 1965    496

      Photographs follow pages 183 and 367.

Audience

Historians and students interested in politics and government, as well as members of the general public who wish to learn about John F. Kennedy, Robert McNamara, the Cuban Missile Crisis and other events in history during that administration and time period will enjoy this publication.

Reviews

Rated 5 out of 5 stars on Goodreads.com!

Product Details

USA Price:
$9.99
Publisher:
U.S. Department of Defense, Office of the Secretary of Defense
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