Saddam's Generals: Perspectives on the Iran-Iraq War

Saddam's Generals: Perspectives on the Iran-Iraq War
Title:
Saddam's Generals: Perspectives on the Iran-Iraq War
Format:
Paperback
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GPO Stock Number:
008-020-01613-6
ISBN:
9780160896132
Description

This monograph represents a continuation of a series of research efforts designed to extend the knowledge of the contemporary Middle East, military history, and Iraqi military effectiveness during the course of three major wars: the Iran-Iraq War, the First Gulf War, and Operation Iraqi Freedom.

This second volume is based on interviews with figures significant in the Iran-Iraq War, extensive examination and study of captured Iraqi records, and a review of secondary sources. The interviews presented here involve not only lengthy discussions with Lieutenant General Ra’ad Maji d Rashid al-Hamdani, staff officer and battalion commander during the Iran-Iraq War, whom the Project 1946 research team had interviewed before, but similar types of discussions with a number of senior Iraqi military leaders who played key parts in the Iran-Iraq War.

Prepared by Kevin M. Woods, et al. Prepared by Institute for Defense Analyses under Contract DASW01-04-C-003 Task ET-8-2579 "Study on Military History (Project 1946 - Phase II)" for the National Intelligence Council. Prepared in cooperation with the Conflict Records Research Center. Contains copyrighted material.

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Table of Contents

Foreword........................................................... vii
Introduction..........................................................1
Summary and Analysis..........................................5
Background .........................................................6
Origins and Planning for War.................................7
Saddam’s Education in War .................................13
The Adaptation of Iraqi Military Forces to the Reality of War.......15
Technology, Intelligence, and the War............................19
Final Comments............................................................22
Historical Context and Timeline.....................................25
Interview: Lieutenant General Ra’ad Majid Rashid al-Hamdani......29
Section 1: Senior Leadership
Foreign Assistance
Officer Corps
Saddam’s Personality
First Gulf War ....................................29
Section 2: Chemical Weapons
Conditions and Events Leading to the Iran-Iraq War
Military Training ...................................45
Section 3: Personal Interactions with Saddam
Senior Leadership..........................................57
Section 4: Officer Corps
Loss of Fao (1986)
Recovery of Fao (1988)
Intelligence Capabilities
Fourth Battle of Basra (1986)
Fifth Battle of Basra (1987)........................67
Section 5: Expansion of Iraqi Military
Military Training
End of Iran-Iraq War...................76
Interview: Major General Mizher Rashid al-Tarfa al-Ubaydi..............87
Section 6: Personal Background
Attitudes toward Iran
Expansion of Iraqi Intelligence ...... 87
Section 7: Loss of Fao (1986)
General Military Intelligence Directorate
Iranian Intelligence Capabilities
Deception Operations........................................93
Section 8: Senior Leadership
SIGINT
Foreign Assistance
Attitudes toward Iran..........100
Interview: Major General (ret) Aladdin Hussein Makki Khamas.............111
Section 9: Personal Background
Saddam’s Personality
Senior Leadership
Events Leading to Iran-Iraq War
Preparations for Iran-Iraq War.................................111
Section 10: Battle of Allahu Akbar Hill
First Battle of Basra (1982)
Battle at al-Amara
Second Battle of Basra (1984)
Battles at Abadan and Ahvaz (1980)
Battle at Susangard (1980).........................................119
Section 11: Adaptation in Iraqi Military
Combat Development Directorate
Military Training..........................................................133
Section 12: Chemical Weapons
NCO Corps
Iranian Operations and Tactics
Saddam’s Personality.....................................................145
Interview: Lieutenant General Abid Mohammed al-Kabi..................151
Section 13: Personal Background
History of Iraqi Navy
Expansion of Naval Involvement in Iran-Iraq War
Preparation for Iran-Iraq War
Foreign Technology................151
Section 14: Defensive Naval Operations (1980–82)
Offensive Naval Operations (1982–86)
Naval Operations after the Loss of Fao (1986–88)
Intelligence Capabilities and Bombing of USS Stark.......................159
Section 15: Shatt al-Arab
Attacks on Iranian Oil Terminals
Loss of Fao (1986)
Bombing of USS Stark
Recovery of Fao (1988)..........................................160
Section 16: Intelligence Capabilities
Development of Navy and Naval Operations
Significance of Iranian Operations
Saddam and Senior Leadership..........................177
Interview: Major General ‘Alwan Hassoun ‘Alwan al-Abousi..............185
Section 17: Personal Background
State of Iraqi Air Force Readiness
Initial Air Strikes (Fall 1980)
Planning and Training
Foreign Technology
Saddam’s Personality
Intelligence and the Bombing of Osirak Reactor........................185
Section 18: Long-range Strikes
Military Cooperation
Foreign Technology
Chemical Weapons
Intelligence......................................................................199
Section 19: Attitudes toward the Air Force
Air Defense System
Bombing of USS
Stark............................................................................204
Section 20: Senior Leadership
Foreign Assistance
Iraqi F–1s Shot Down by Saudi F–15s during First Gulf War
Evacuation of Iraqi Fighters to Iran during First Gulf War
War of the Cities......................................................207
Appendix A: References.........................................A-1
Appendix B: Place Names Index and Reference Maps....................B-1
Map 1. Iraq, with North, Central and South regions outlined...............B-2
Map 2A. Southern Iraq. Iraqi offensives, 1980...................B-3
Map 2B. Southern Iraq. Extent of Iraqi advances, 1981–82; Iranian offensives;
Extent of Iranian advances during the war; Basra defenses 1982–87..........B-4
Map 2C. Southern Iraq. Iraqi offensives, 1988............................B-5
Map 3A. Central Iraq. Iraqi offensives, 1980...............................B-6
Map 3B. Central Iraq. Extent of Iraqi advances, 1981–82; Iranian offensives;
Extent of Iranian adva nces during the war...............................B-7
Map 3C. Central Iraq. Iraqi offensives, 1988...................................B-8
Map 4A. Northern Iraq. Iraqi offensives, 1980...............................B-9
Map 4B. Northern Iraq. Extent of Iraqi advances, 1981–82; Iranian offensives;
Extent of Iranian advances during the war..........................B-10
Map 5. Persian Gulf, Tanker War......................................B-11
Map 6. Persian Gulf, Air raids on Iranian islands...............................B-12
Map 7. Persian Gulf, Attack on Larak Island with mid-air refueling...........B-13
Appendix C: Index of Themes................................................C-1
Bibliography

Audience

This would be a valuable resource for historians, military students, and students of Middle East Studies.

Product Details

Availability Details:
In Stock
USA Price:
$9.25
International Price:
$12.95
Publisher:
Defense Dept., National Defense University, Institute for Defense Analyses
Author:
  • Woods, Kevin M.
Key Phrases:
  • Project 1946 Series
  • Saddam
  • Iraq
  • Iran Iraq War
  • Military History
  • Iran
Weight:
1.5625
Quantity Price:
Discount
Cover:
Paper
Unit of Issue (US):
1
Unit of Issue (Non-US):
1
Record Creation Date:
10/12/2011
Last Status Update:
09/22/2023
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