Organizational Acronyms and Abbreviations vii
Executive Summary ix Introduction ix
The Backstory: OSR’s Antecedents x
Chapter Summaries xvi
OSR Directors xxiv
Endnotes xxxiii
Chapter One: 1953–61 1
Soviet Strategic Surprise 2
The Bomber Gap 3
The Missile Gap 7
Endnotes 14
Chapter Two: 1961–67 17
The Cuban Missile Crisis 19
Expanded Mandate 21
Creation of the DS&T 22
Controversial National Intelligence Estimates (NIEs) 23
The ABM Controversy 25
The Soviet Ground Forces Issue 26
DoD Customers 29
Vance-McCone Agreement 30
Raborn Era 31
Helms Becomes DCI 33 Endnotes 36
Chapter Three: 1967–71 37
OSR’s Initial Organization 38
1968 Annual Report 41
Bruce Clarke’s Leadership Style 43
1969 Annual Report 44
1970 Annual Report 48 Endnotes 53
Chapter Four: 1971–73 55
A New Estimative Format 55
OSR’s Expansion 56
1971 Annual Report 58
1972 Highlights 64
Schlesinger Era 68
1973 Annual Report 69
Clarke’s Departure and Other Changes 74
Endnotes 76
Chapter Five: 1973–75 77
Knoche’s Team 77
The Yom Kippur War 81
Colby’s Changes 82
Key Developments in OSR 84
1974 Annual Report 86
White House Shakeup 92 Endnotes 93
Chapter Six: 1975–76 95
Lehman and His Team 95
Firth and His Team 96
Soviet Defense Spending Estimates 98
A Team/B Team 100
The B-Team Outcome 106
Endnotes 108
Chapter Seven: 1976–79 111
Graybeal Becomes D/OSR 112
Turner’s Agenda 113
Graybeal’s Reorganization 114
Leadership Changes 116
SALT Support 117
Soviet Military Estimates 118
New Focus on the Middle East 124
OSR’s China and Asian Branches 125
Endnotes 127
Chapter Eight: 1979–81 129
Clarke Becomes D/NFAC 129
Huffstutler as D/OSR 131
Carter Administration Crises 132
SALT II Hopes 134
Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan 137
Soviet Strategic Forces NIEs 141
Gorman and Net Assessments141
OSR’s Accomplishments 143
Turner’s Legacy 146
Endnotes147
Chapter Nine: 1981 and Beyond 149
Casey’s Agenda 150
OSR Reorganization 152
Military Intelligence Research and Production 156
DI Reorganization 157 SOVA 158
Gates Becomes D/NFAC 159
Clarke’s Legacy of Leadership 160
Soviet Military Analysis Lives On 162
The End of the Cold War—and Military Analysis 163
Endnotes 163
Conclusion 165
High Praise 166
Lost Legacy 168
Endnotes 171 Appendix 173
Index 175
Product Details
- Vickers, Robert
- Central Intelligence Agency
- Office of Strategic Research
- Strategic Research
