Budget and Economic Outlook 2019 to 2029

This updated report presented by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) features the data and analysis of the U.S. Federal economy to include four key areas:

• Federal deficits
• Debt
• Revenues
• Spending

You will find numerous graphs and tables depicting the analysis, economic forecasts, and projections within these elements that impact the GDP (gross domestic product).

Related products:

Economic Indicators print subscription

Treasury Bulletin print subscription

Harmonized Tariff Schedules year 2019

Other CBO Budget and Economic Reports and Analyses

Visual Summary 

Deficits and Debt 

Overview 

Deficits 

SPENDING FOR PEOPLE AGE 65 OR OLDER 

Debt 

Uncertainty in Budget Projections 

The Long-Term Outlook for the Budget 

The Economic Outlook 

Overview 

Fiscal and Trade Policies 

THE EFFECTS OF RECENT CHANGES IN TRADE POLICY

The Economic Outlook for 2019 to 2023  

The Economic Outlook for 2024 to 2029 43 Projections of Income for 2019 to 2029  

CBO’S ESTIMATE AND PROJECTION OF POTENTIAL TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY IN THE NONFARM BUSINESS SECTOR 

Some Uncertainties in the Economic Outlook 
Comparison With CBO’s August 2018 Economic Projections 

Comparison With Other Economic Projections 

The Spending Outlook 

Overview

Mandatory Spending 

CATEGORIES OF FEDERAL OUTLAYS 

Discretionary Spending 

Net Interest 

Uncertainty Surrounding the Spending Outlook

The Revenue Outlook 

Overview 

The Evolving Composition of Revenues 

Individual Income Taxes 

Payroll Taxes 

Corporate Income Taxes 

Smaller Sources of Revenues 

Tax Expenditures 

Uncertainty Surrounding the Revenue Outlook 

Estimated Budgetary Outcomes Under Alternative Assumptions About Fiscal Policy 

Overview 

Discretionary Spending 

Revenues 

An Alternative Fiscal Scenario 

Changes in CBO’s Baseline Projections 

Overview 

Legislative Changes

Economic Changes 

Technical Changes 

How Changes in Economic Conditions Might Affect the Federal Budget 

Overview

Background 

Changes in Productivity Growth and Labor Force Growth

Changes in Interest Rates and Inflation 

The Automatic Stabilizers in the Federal Budget 

Overview 

Estimates of the Automatic Stabilizers Over the Next Decade 

Budget Deficits Without Automatic Stabilizers 

Trust Funds  

Overview  

Social Security’s Trust Funds

Trust Funds for Federal Employees’ Retirement Programs 

Medicare’s Trust Funds 

Highway Trust Fund 

CBO’s Economic Projections for 2019 to 2029 

Corporate executives and business/financial managers, as well as financial management investors, brokers, and economists may be most interested in this report.  Additionally, news journalists and analysts, especially economic and business columnists and bloggers may be interested in these economic projections of the federal government fiscal policy that impacts GDP. High school students and above writing research papers about America's economy or comparative economic reports with other countries and foreign governments as part of economic or world history and political science courses may find this primary source reference helpful.